Contributions of Ancient Arabian and Egyptian Scientists on Botany and Agriculture
The people living there needed plants to feed their animals.
There are many lexicographers, geographers, travellers and physicians who wrote on plants. One of them was Abü Sa’id ‘Abd al-Malik lbn Quraib al-Asma’i. One of them is on plants and trees. In the preface of this book the author has provided a general discussion on plants. Finally, he has described those plants which grow in plains and deserts. He has mentioned 230 plants in all.
Another lexicographer and grammarian who wrote on plants was Ahmad Ibn Da’ud Ibn Wanand, nicknamed al-Dinawari.
In his book on plants al-Dinawari described, after observing the plants in the places where they grew, all that he had discovered and also all that his predecessors had mentioned.
Al-Birüni (d.1048) made observation on plants. The later writers based their works on it adding whatever they knew of plants and simple drugs. The book of Dioscorides consists of five discourses.
The first discourse deals with sweet smelling drugs. The third discourse discusses the roots of plants, the thorny plants and similar topics. The fifth discourse mentions different kinds of drinks and mineral drugs.
One of the most important Ancient scientist botanists was Abu’l-Mansur Rashid al-Din Abu’l-Fadl Ibn Ali al-Süri He was the greatest authority on simple drugs, the variety of their names, their properties and uses. [...]
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